INTERNATIONAL MODELS FOR DEVELOPING A NORMATIVE DICTIONARY

Abstract

The article analyzes international experience in compiling normative dictionaries and domestic research in Kazakhstan from the perspectives of terminology planning, terminography, legal linguistics, and digital terminological resources. The empirical basis of the study consists of the experience of 44 countries, data from the information and legal system of normative legal acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan, and scholarly literature on terminological standardization. The main aim of the study is to classify institutional models for developing a normative dictionary and to propose scientific and practical mechanisms that can be effectively applied in the context of Kazakhstan. The analysis separately describes the centralized model, the standardization model, the model of key concepts within legislation, the digital and multilingual model, and the mixed and decentralized model. As a result, it is demonstrated that compiling a normative dictionary is not limited to recording the correct spelling of words; rather, it is a comprehensive scientific and institutional process that integrates the approval of terms, the formulation of definitions, the maintenance of conceptual consistency in legal texts, the coordination of multilingual equivalents, and regular updating through a digital database. The main feature of the Kazakhstani model is the need to integrate key concepts contained in normative legal acts, terms approved by the Republican Terminology Commission, and orthographic norms into a single platform. The article proposes applying the “term + definition” principle in the development of a normative dictionary, considering multi-component terms as an independent object of study, adapting borrowed terms to the orthographic system of the Kazakh language, and introducing a mechanism for the automatic detection of orthographic and terminological errors in legal texts.